A Partial Power Processing MMC Topology for Direct AC/AC Power Conversion
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
A new class of modular multilevel ac/ac converter (M2AC) is presented that allows the direct conversion of ac power between different voltage levels in single frequency power systems using half-bridge submodules. The M2AC is a partial power processing topology that exploits internal circulating dc currents to facilitate the charge balance of the submodule capacitors. A comparison with the conventional back-to-back modular multilevel ac/ac converter shows the M2AC can realize significant reductions in submodule requirements. The working principle of the M2AC and its partial power processing mechanism is discussed in detail. A dynamic controller is proposed that includes output current regulation and capacitor voltage balancing. The M2AC operation and controls are validated by simulation, and experimental results for a 135/67 V <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">rms</inf> , 0.8 kW prototype confirm efficacy of the partial power processing mechanism. Potential applications of the M2AC include voltage regulators in distribution and transmission systems, and deployment as part of power flow controllers.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
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Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it