Ballistic-like space-charge-limited currents in halide perovskites at room temperature
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The emergence of halide perovskites in photovoltaics has diversified the research on this material family and extended their application toward several fields in the optoelectronics, such as photo- and ionizing-radiation-detectors. One of the most basic characterization protocols consists of measuring the dark current–voltage (J−V) curve of symmetrically contacted samples for identifying the different regimes of the space-charge-limited current (SCLC). Customarily, J∝Vn indicates the Mott–Gurney law when n≈2 or the Child–Langmuir ballistic regime of SCLC when n=3/2. The latter has been found in perovskite samples. Herein, we start by discussing the interpretation of J∝V3/2 in relation to the masking effect of the dual electronic–ionic conductivity in halide perovskites. However, we do not discard the actual occurrence of SCLC transport with ballistic-like trends. Therefore, we introduce the models of quasi-ballistic velocity-dependent dissipation (QvD) and the ballistic-like voltage-dependent mobility (BVM) regimes of SCLC. The QvD model is shown to better describe electronic kinetics, whereas the BVM model results are suitable for describing both electronic and ionic kinetics in halide perovskites as a particular case of the Poole–Frenkel ionized-trap-assisted transport. The proposed formulations can be used as the characterization of effective mobilities, charge carrier concentrations and times-of-flight from J–V curves, and resistance from impedance spectroscopy spectra.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".