CT guided percutaneous vertebroplasty of C2 osteolytic lesion: a case report and technical note
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Vertebroplasty is a minimally invasive treatment option for osteolytic spinal lesions. It provides pain relief and stability with established good results. In this paper, we describe a new CT guided percutaneous vertebroplasty technique using a direct lateral approach between the carotid sheath and the vertebral artery, that can be safely performed under conscious sedation in an outpatient setting. We report the case of a patient presenting a lytic lesion of C2 treated using the CT guided percutaneous vertebroplasty under conscious sedation. Local anesthesia using approximately 10 mL of lidocaine 1% was delivered in the skin, soft tissues and to the periosteum of C2. With the patient in dorsal decubitus on the CT table, a bone biopsy needle was introduced laterally, through the parotid and between the carotid artery and vertebral artery. The entry point on C2 was right under the lateral mass of C1 and anterolaterally to the vertebral vascular foramen. The procedure was well tolerated by the patient. No neurological changes were noted per-operatively. No immediate or short-term complications were noted. Patient was observed on a stretcher for 2 hours with nursing supervision before being discharged home. Patient reported satisfactory pain control at 6-month follow-up. CT guided percutaneous vertebroplasty under conscious sedation can be safely performed in an outpatient setting.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.010 | 0.005 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".