Control of Crosswind Force on Aircraft Vertical Tail Models using Plasma Actuators
Bibliographic record
Abstract
View Video Presentation: https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2022-0832.vid Alternating current dielectric barrier discharge (AC-DBD) plasma actuators were implemented to control the influence of crosswind flow over vertical models. Light sport aircraft are specifically prone to accidents via loss of control due to crosswinds, which is a primary factor contributing to their higher-than-average accident rate. Three actuator configurations were tested; the first used a single DBD plasma actuator (SDBD) on the leading edge, the second uses a dual array of actuators (AR-DBD) at 0.08 and 0.2 of the chord length, the third configuration used an actuator at the rudder hinge (TR-DBD), directly adding momentum on to the rudder to increase lift/side-force at differing rudder angles. Each vertical tail model is a NACA 0015 at 1:3 scale with a Reynolds number of 1.7x10^5, using a voltage range of V(t) = 10 – 14 kV, (P = 200 – 460 W) at f = 30 kHz. Initial two-dimensional prototyping and calibration was performed using hot wire anemometry, cantilever force measurements and smoke visualization. Wind tunnel testing was used to simulate a crosswind speed of 10 m/s (22 knots) for all three tailfin models. Results show the single (SDBD) case reattaches separated airflow at α = 20° stall angle and produced 4.05 N of tail lift using a 10 kV input. The array (AR-DBD) configuration reattached flow at α = 20° with 10 kV producing 4.95 N of tail lift and was able to generate enough side force on the low-pressure side to counteract the crosswind at a fixed sideslip angle of ß = 20°. The rudder configuration (TR-DBD) was able to generate side-force values in excess of 1.47 N with the actuator on. In some cases, resulting in a full recovery from the crosswind, at a recovery rate of 0.0415 N/s. In summary, AC-DBD actuators proved to be a viable concept in controlling flow and subsequently countering crosswind forces. Future work will consider more resilient materials, at higher voltages, using tail models in both headwind and crosswinds to fully simulate the effects of the actuators.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".