Strong/nuclear force in the dynamic medium of reference (DMR) theory. Nuclear deflection of light, nuclear time delay of light, and proposed experiment
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The theory of the dynamic medium of reference has already been presented in several articles [Pignard, Phys. Essays 32, 422 (2019); 33, 395 (2020); 34, 61 (2021); 34, 279 (2021)], and in particular in Pignard, Phys. Essays 32, 422 (2019). The article [Pignard, Phys. Essays 34, 279 (2021)] gives an explanation and mathematical developments of the gravitational acceleration from atomic nuclei of a massive body. General relativity considers a massive body, like the Earth or the Sun, globally, macroscopically, simply as an object of mass M (which curves space‐time). However, when one goes into details, this mass M is made up of atoms which are themselves mainly made up of nuclei of nucleons (if we neglect the mass of electrons in comparison of that of the nucleus). Thus, it is mainly the nuclei of a massive body that create the force of gravity! The dynamic medium of reference theory determines the gravitational acceleration microscopically by taking into account all the atomic nuclei that make up a massive body [Pignard, Phys. Essays 32, 422 (2019)]. This creates a strong link between gravity and the nuclear domain. This article goes further with the description of a model of the atomic nucleus. This makes it possible to establish that the strong force or nuclear force, which ensures the cohesion of the nucleus, is due to the strong acceleration of the flux of the medium which is a vector average of the flux of gravitons. This gives an expression of the nuclear force similar to the force of gravity but with a constant K ≈ 1031 m s−2, much higher than the gravitational constant G. This article shows that the functioning, the mechanism of the nucleus, makes it possible to explain the nuclear force and also to find the gravitational acceleration. From there, it is deduced that the photons are deflected by the strong acceleration due to an atom nucleus. They are also slowed down by an atom nucleus which creates a delay in their travel time which we call the nuclear time delay of light. Finally, an experiment is proposed to verify the phenomenon of nuclear deflection of light and the nuclear time delay of light.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.010 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.006 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".