Length of hospital stay and mortality of hip fracture surgery in patients with Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients who undergo hip fracture surgery are expected to have worse outcomes because they are vulnerable to developing COVID-19-associated complications. The present review attempted to assess the in-hospital and 30-day mortality rates as well as the length of hospital stay in patients with COVID-19 infection who had hip fracture surgery. METHODS: Two authors independently searched Google Scholar, PubMed, Web of Knowledge, SCOPUS, and Embase, based on the MeSH-matched scientific keywords. The nine-star Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) scoring system was employed to assess the methodological quality of all eligible studies. RESULTS: Eleven cohort studies that included 336 patients comprised the study. Three studies reported in-hospital mortality. Eight studies reported 30-day postoperative mortality. The pooled in-hospital mortality rate was 29.8% (95% CI: 26.6%-35.6%). The pooled 30-day postoperative mortality rate was 35.0% (95% CI: 29.9%-40.5%). The mean hospital stay was 11.29 days (95% CI: 10.65 days-11.94 days). CONCLUSIONS: The rates of in-hospital and 30-day mortality in COVID-19 patients who undergo hip fracture surgery is high. These data suggest delaying hip fracture surgery until COVID-19 infection of the patients is controlled. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level II.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.009 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it