NITROGEN ENRICHMENT OF <i>PORPHYRA PERFORATA</i> THROUGH HIGH DOSE PULSE FERTILIZATION
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Zertuche‐González, J. A 1 ., Chanes‐Miranda L 2 ., Carmona, R 3 ., Kraemer G 4 ., Chopin T. 5 & Yarish, C 3 1 Universidad Autonoma de Baja California, Instituto de Investigaciones Oceanologicas, PO Box #453, C.P. 22830, Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico. 2CBTIS‐41, Km 115 Carretera Transpeninsular, Ensenada, BC Mexico. 3 University of Connecticut, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, 1 University Place, Stamford, CT, 06901‐2315, USA. 4 State University of New York, Purchase College, Div. of Nat. Sciences, Purchase, NY, 10577, USA. 5 University of New Brunswick, Centre for Coastal Studies and Aquaculture and Centre for Environmental and Molecular Algal Research, P.O. Box 5050, Saint John, New Brunswick, E2L 4L5, Canada Porphyra perforata is a highly preferred seaweed used as fodder in abalone culturing due to its relatively high nutritional value. High growth rates of abalone, particularly in the early stages, are suspected to be due the high protein‐aminoacid and low water content of the Porphyra. Also, high NO 3 content may be important to improve the bacterial flora in the animals, which in turn may favor more efficient digestion. Changes in the composition of Porphyra, however, can occur rapidly due to environmental conditions decreasing the nutritional value of the plant. Short term N pulse fertilization were performed on P. perforata in order to evaluate the feasibility to increase its nutritional value. Enrichment was performed under low light conditions (<5 μE m ‐2 s ‐1 ) to inhibit growth and promote higher N enrichment per unit of biomass. Tissue N in the form of NO 3 , NH 4 and total organic N were measured, after 3,6,12 and 24 hrs, in tissue exposed to 500 μM of N. Results indicated a rapid N tissue enrichment particularly in the form of NO 3 . Nitrate accumulation occurs continuously, up to 24 hrs. Total organic N is maximum after 12 hrs and tends to decrease after that. Fertilization with NH 4 promotes NO 3 accumulation. These results suggest the feasibility to improve the nutritional value of P. perforata by short‐term pulse fertilization. The capacity of this species to uptake NH 4 under low light conditions (similar to those use in abalone culturing) makes it also ideal for integrated aquaculture.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".