Thermophysical Characteristics of Liquid Metal In-Bi-Sn Eutectic (Field's Metal) as a Similarity Coolant
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract This work investigated the thermophysical characteristics of liquid indium–bismuth–tin eutectic alloy also known as Field's Metal for the purposes of use as a similar fluid for liquid metal reactors. The density, specific heat capacity, viscosity, thermal conductivity, and the coefficient of thermal expansion were determined for liquid Field's Metal for temperature ranges from its melting point 333 K to 423 K. The work captured the effect of temperature on these properties and each property's magnitude. The findings were used to create mathematical correlations to predict the value of the thermophysical property at a specified temperature for use in natural circulation studies. Notably, the work also observed non-Newtonian shear thinning behavior of the alloy near the melting point and that the non-Newtonian behavior relaxes as the material obtains more energy. The results are consistent with the behavior of other liquid metals including variances that occur close to the melting point.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".