Switched Dual-Band SAW Filters Using Hybrid and Monolithically Integrated Vanadium Oxide Switches
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
This article presents design and implementation of switchable dual-band filters using surface acoustic wave (SAW) resonators and vanadium oxide (VO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> ) switches imbedded within the filter using both hybrid and monolithic integration. The switched dual-band filter has two channels and four switching states: transmission only of the lower channel, transmission only of the upper channel, transmission of both the channels, and no transmission. The experimental results are presented for the first switchable dual-band filter of order 5 with two discrete VO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> switches strategically integrated within the proposed filter’s structure using hybrid integration. The five-pole dual-band filter demonstrates a measured insertion loss of 3.7 and 3.9 dB in the transmission states at 765 and 935 MHz, respectively. To improve the overall performance of the proposed switched dual-band filter, a second seven-pole filter with six VO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> switches, three for each channel, is designed and fabricated. VO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> switches are monolithically integrated with SAW resonators on the same substrate using a four-mask in-house fabrication process. The article also presents experimental results to study the impact of the monolithically integrated VO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> switches on the linear and power-handling performance of SAW resonators. VO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> monolithically integrated switched dual-band filter has two channels at 600 and 725 MHz. It exhibits a measured insertion loss of 3.23 and 3.22 dB for the two channels. Depending on the number of detuned resonators in the OFF state for each channel, an isolation of 20–40 dB is demonstrated. The monolithic integration of VO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> switches results in improved performance of the filter along with significant size reduction.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it