6 The City: Localizing Perspectives
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The first part of the ethnography explores the general living conditions of Jamaicans in Montreal, settlement structures, and historically grown local circumstances.Vast cities and modern urban spaces are essential hotspots of the globalizing world bringing forth constant innovation.The global city, as Sassen (1991: 154) states, is a strategic site with a broad socio-economic structure.Additionally, a high level of cosmopolitanism characterizes the global charm of the city.Academic research therefore often locates global cities in the northern hemisphere, reflecting a Eurocentric or 'western' view about city development in general.Here, the promotion and representation of cultural diversity provide a positive image; a label that northern global cities like to wear.Cultural diversity and cosmopolitanism are essential features of Montreal.The city's bilingual charm represents internationalization.An article in Montreal's English newspaper The Gazette (Barone 2015), in the light of the city's 375th birthday, illustrates study results concerning Montreal's distinct character.The attributes given in the article enhance the positive connotation of diversity and multiculturalism.My initial assumptions before traveling to Montreal were similar, reading about the city and the endless opportunities to have a great time in a bustling, urban area influenced by its many immigrants and international students, filled with cultural attractions.However, the article also shows that numerous residents define Montreal's charm as conflicted with identity politics and language controversies, contesting the use of diversity as a marketing strategy or mere attraction for tourists and foreigners.In understanding the broader context of this study, it is necessary to look into historical and political changes in Montreal that narrate, according to David Austin, a "myth" of Canadian cities as innocent and welcoming places for all (Austin 2013). ControversiesAnother view of Montreal is that of a divided city, historically separating its inhabitants into different categories in terms of language and national identity, i.e.,
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.030 | 0.053 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.017 | 0.007 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.008 |
| Research integrity | 0.004 | 0.005 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.012 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".