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Record W4206135763 · doi:10.4212/cjhp.v75i1.3249

Characterization of Cytomegalovirus Viremia in Renal Transplant Recipients

2022· article· en· W4206135763 on OpenAlexaffvenue
Ishan Chaudhari, Marianna Leung, Bita Bateni

Bibliographic record

VenueThe Canadian Journal of Hospital Pharmacy · 2022
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldMedicine
TopicCytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
Canadian institutionsSt. Paul's HospitalVancouver General Hospital
Fundersnot available
KeywordsViremiaRenal transplantCytomegalovirusVirologyMedicineInternal medicineHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV)TransplantationHerpesviridaeViral disease

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Background: Kidney transplantation, while improving outcomes for patients with end-stage renal disease, comes with a risk of potentially life-threatening infections such as infection with cytomegalovirus (CMV), a virus associated with allograft rejection, organ dysfunction, and increased mortality. Objectives: To characterize whether the choice and dose of immunosuppressant therapy and the duration of antiviral prophylaxis after transplant are associated with the incidence of CMV viremia. Methods: This study was a retrospective review of all kidney-only transplant recipients at the authors’ centre from 2012 to 2016, with a minimum 1 year of follow-up. Patients with CMV viremia (defined as serum CMV viral load greater than 1000 IU/mL) were compared with patients who did not have viremia to investigate potential demographic and treatment-related risk factors. Results: A total of 653 patients were included in the study, of whom 161 (25%) met the criteria for CMV viremia. In univariate analysis, patients with CMV viremia had older age (55 versus 53 years, p = 0.038) and lower mean body weight (75 versus 79 kg, p = 0.015); in addition, the CMV viremia group included larger proportions of patients with Asian descent (40% [64/161] versus 21% [104/492]) and donor-positive/recipient-negative CMV serostatus (29% [47/161] versus 14% [70/492]). With respect to immunosuppressant therapy, patients with CMV viremia more frequently received antithymocyte globulin (ATG) induction (50% [80/161] versus 28% [138/492], p < 0.001) and received a higher weight-based cumulative ATG dose (mean 4.5 versus 4.1 mg/kg, p = 0.038). The multivariate analysis retained use of ATG, cumulative dose of ATG, Asian descent, and CMV serostatus as risk factors for CMV viremia. No statistically significant differences were found for the maintenance immunosuppressant dosing or duration of antiviral prophylaxis. Conclusions: Use of ATG for induction and higher weight-based dose of ATG were associated with an increased risk of CMV viremia. In addition, a component of race may also be involved, with patients of Asian descent being at higher risk. No differences were found in the maintenance dose of immunosuppression or the duration of antiviral prophylaxis. RÉSUMÉ Contexte : La transplantation rénale, bien qu’elle améliore les résultats des patients atteints d’insuffisance rénale en phase terminale, s’accompagne d’un risque d’infections potentiellement mortelles telles que l’infection par le cytomégalovirus (CMV) : un virus associé au rejet d’allogreffe, à un dysfonctionnement d’organe et à une plus grande mortalité. Objectifs : Caractériser si le choix et la dose du traitement immunosuppresseur et la durée de la prophylaxie antivirale après la transplantation sont associés à l’incidence de virémie à CMV. Méthodes : Cette étude était un examen rétrospectif de tous les receveurs d’une transplantation rénale uniquement mené au centre des auteurs de 2012 à 2016, avec un suivi d’au moins 1 an. Les patients atteints de virémie à CMV (définie comme une charge virale sérique CMV supérieure à 1000 UI/mL) ont été comparés à des patients sans virémie; cette comparaison avait pour but d’étudier les facteurs de risque démographiques ou liés aux traitements. Résultats : L’étude comprenait 653 patients, dont 161 (25 %) répondaient aux critères de virémie à CMV. En analyse univariée, l’âge des patients atteints de virémie à CMV était plus élevé (55 contre 53 ans, p = 0,038) et leur poids corporel moyen était moins élevé (75 contre 79 kg, p = 0,015); en outre, le groupe des patients atteints de virémie à CMV comprenait une plus grande proportion de patients d’origine asiatique (40 % [64/161] contre 21 % [104/492]) et de statut sérologique CMV donneur positif/receveur négatif (29 % [47/161] contre 14 % [70/492]). En ce qui concerne le traitement immunosuppresseur, les patients atteints de virémie à CMV ont reçu plus fréquemment une induction de sérum anti-lymphocytaire (SAL) (50 % [80/161] contre 28 % [138/492], p < 0,001) ainsi qu’une dose cumulative de SAL plus élevée en fonction du poids (moyenne de 4,5 contre 4,1 mg/kg, p = 0,038). L’analyse multivariée a retenu l’utilisation du SAL, la dose cumulative de SAL, l’origine asiatique et le statut sérologique du CMV comme facteurs de risque de virémie à CMV. Aucune différence statistiquement significative n’a été trouvée pour la posologie d’entretien des immunosuppresseurs ou la durée de la prophylaxie antivirale. Conclusions : L’utilisation du SAL pour l’induction et une dose plus élevée de SAL en fonction du poids étaient associées à un risque accru de virémie à CMV. De plus, une composante raciale pourrait également être impliquée – les patients d’origine asiatique étant plus à risque. Aucune différence n’a été trouvée dans la posologie d’entretien des immunosuppresseurs ou la durée de la prophylaxie antivirale.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame machine prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.001
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.002
Version: metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061cValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Observational · Consensus signal: Observational
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.002
Threshold uncertainty score0.007

Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0010.002
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0020.001
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0010.001
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0010.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.026
GPT teacher head0.294
Teacher spread0.268 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designObservational
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

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Citations3
Published2022
Admission routes2
Has abstractyes

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