On the Impact of Recharging Behavior on Mobility
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We consider the behavior of mobile users that, upon depletion of their device's energy due to communication, can detour from their regular path, in order to reach a location where the device can be recharged. We develop abstractions of this recharging behavior and analytically derive a charging-aware mobility model. The device is viewed as a mobile node. Based on the Palm inversion formula, we derive the (integral-form) stationary probability density function of the node's location, subject to attraction exerted by one charger in a bounded convex area. The analytical and numerical results demonstrate the distortion effect the charger has on the spatial node distribution. We observe, and explain, a counter-intuitive effect whereby the node density exhibits peaks that are asymmetric, coupled with a relative decrease of the density around the charger area. In addition, we provide a method to approximate the probability density function when multiple chargers are deployed. We examine the accuracy of this approximation and comment on its limitations.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.019 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".