Badea, Andreea, Bruno Boute, Marco Cavarzere, and Steven Vanden Broecke, eds. Making Truth in Early Modern Catholicism.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This remarkable collection of essays explores the processes of negotiation underlying the construction of truth in early modern Catholicism.Recent scholarship has been reassessing the notion of a "triumphant" post-Tridentine Roman church, reserving instead ample space to sceptical strands, uncertainty, and compromise that accompanied the birth of the early modern categories of "belief " and "truth." Uncertainty, of course, did not affect only the Roman church: rather, it was a transversal phenomenon.Recent studies by, among others, Ethan Shagan (The Birth of Modern Belief: Faith and Judgment from the Middle Ages to the Enlightenment, 2018) and Stefania Tutino (Uncertainty in Post-Reformation Catholicism: A History of Probabilism, 2017), have brilliantly reinstated doubt and uncertainty at the centre of early modern knowledge.The Roman Catholic Church in particular appears to be a much less monolithic institution than the vulgata would suggest.The mainstream narrative of a church fiercely opposing and battling the "new science" on the one hand and the many reformed churches on the other hand looks less and less tenable.The flourishing of casuistry and probabilistic thought shows instead the great ability of the Roman Church to adapt to the challenges-economical, cultural, political, and scientific-that the increasing complexity of the late Renaissance world posed.In this respect, I find particularly striking the notion of "conflict zones" adopted by Rivka Feldhay in this volume ("Disciplining the Sciences in Conflict Zones: Pre-Classical Mechanics between the Sovereign State and the Reformed Catholic Religion, " 305-29).Feldhay's essay considers the reciprocal connections between the new sovereign states, or the realm of politics on one hand, and church and science on the other.In passing, I shall note that politics, religion, and science represent the main focus of the essays here gathered.Feldhay's study accounts for the "boundary work" leading to the construction of "discursive objects" across these three realms: such work may lead to "frictions and conflicts" but eventually is able to produce cultural mediation (all quotes from p. 307).The essays gathered in this volume do not suggest a naïve irenic view of early modern culture; political and religious conflicts as well as the clash between the
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.005 | 0.006 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.013 | 0.006 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".