Just-Noticeable-Difference Based Coding and Rate Control of Mobile 360° Video Streaming
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In recent years, 360ovideos have gained higher and higher popularity. Nonetheless, compared to two dimensional videos, the large-scale data volume renders it a bottleneck to deliver 360ocontent with constrained bandwidth resources. In this paper, we investigate user viewing behavior when they explore in immersive environment and propose a novel 360ojust-noticeable-difference (JND) model to characterize user's tolerance to visual distortion. In order to maximize user's quality of experience (QoE), we present a scheme, named JND-Based Streaming (JBS), to jointly optimize 360o video coding and streaming over mobile devices. Specifically, tiled 360ovideos are firstly encoded with the proposed JND model to reduce video file size. Then, a quality-driven streaming approach is designed to instruct tile-level bitrate allocation, considering subjective sensation. Thanks to the video file size reduction, tiles can be delivered with higher quality, which provides users with improved QoE. Experimental results based on real-world network traces demonstrate that, on average, JBS outperforms its counterparts by 12% and 57% in terms of perceived quality.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it