On the non-circular hydraulic jump for an impinging inclined jet
Bibliographic record
Abstract
When a laminar inclined circular jet impinges on a horizontal surface, it forms a non-circular hydraulic jump resulting from the non-axisymmetric flow. In this study, we develop an integral approach in the boundary-layer (near impingement) and thin-film regions to theoretically analyze the flow field and the hydraulic jumps structure. We particularly explore the interplay among inertia, gravity, viscosity, and the effective inclination angle on the non-axisymmetric flow. The boundary-layer height exhibits an azimuthal dependence at a strong gravity level only; however, the thin film thickness as well as the hydraulic jump profile shows a strong non-axisymmetric behavior at all gravity levels. In contrast to the existing literature, the present study accounts for the presence of the boundary layer near impingement and the azimuthal flow. We demonstrate that the azimuthal flow component cannot be neglected in the presence of gravity. The theory is validated against existing experimental results for the inclined jet of water.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".