When marketing discourages consumption: demarketing of single-use plastics for city tourism in Ottawa, Canada
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Single-use plastics (SUP), have been widely criticized for contributing to pollution and the throwaway culture. This paper applies the demarketing framework to SUP consumption in city tourism to spur tourists’ anticipated reduction benefits of SUP. More specifically, this study quantifies the impact of the well-established demarketing mix components, adding people’s motivations to avoid SUP. Data were collected through 326 self-administered questionnaires from city tourists in Ottawa, Canada, visiting areas surrounding the Canadian Parliament. A structural equation model was fitted for statistical data analysis covering the demarketing mix with three moderating variables – individual commitment, assigned responsibilities, and recycling attitude. The results suggest that modulating, respectively, promotion by showing the negative consequences of SUP; place, by reducing on-site availability of SUP; people’s motivation, to reduce SUP usage; price, by imposing a price premium on SUP; and product, by substituting SUP for alternatives, will most strongly increase city tourists’ anticipated reduction benefits.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it