A Brief Incursion Into South Africa 1969-1977
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Sugar cane cultivation had been introduced in South Africa at the end of the 19th century. Production grew rather slowly, South Africa being for a long time content to produce for domestic consumption and for export to a few neighbouring countries such as Rhodesia. From 1962 South African sugar had access to three main markets: Canada, the United States and Japan. The Illovo Sugar Estates, founded in 1887, were located on the coast to the south of Durban. In 1965 the Illovo plantation comprised over 5,000 hectares of land under cane and its sugar factory had a quota of over 93,000 tonnes. In April 1969, Tate and Lyle bought out General Mining’s shares in Illovo. Tate and Lyle attempted to liquidate the least productive assets: a real estate company was created to parcel out the Ilovo lands located closest to Durban. In 1975, new investments could be made in Illovo permitting the modernization of this factory and increasing capacity.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.004 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.028 | 0.006 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".