Lymphatic pacemaking
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Lymphatic vessels display rhythmic constriction‐dilation cycle which is known as vasomotion. The rhythmic constrictions propel fluid through the lymphatic chambers which are connected by valves. Our previous study has shown that lymphatic smooth muscle pacemaking occurs through a mechanism that involves Ca 2+ release from intracellular Ca 2+ stores through inositol 1,4,5‐trisphosphate (IP 3 ) receptor, and depolarization through L‐type Ca 2+ channels. The aims of this study were to extend our study on single lymphatic chambers to understand lymph propulsion in chains of valve connected lymphatic chambers. Our study shows that phase locking of Ca 2+ oscillations can occur across many lymphatic chambers and result in phase waves which manifest as slowly propagating waves of contractions within and across chambers. Our study also indicates that electrical coupling between chambers across valves is relatively poor. Numerical simulations indicate that chambers could partially interact through mechanical coupling between chambers.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".