Intelligent Sound Monitoring and Identification System Combining Triboelectric Nanogenerator‐Based Self‐Powered Sensor with Deep Learning Technique
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Urban sound management is required in a variety of fields such as transportation, security, water conservancy and construction, among others. Given the diverse array of available noise sensors and the widespread opportunity to connect these sensors via mobile broadband Internet access, many researchers are eager to apply sound‐sensor networks for urban sound management. Existing sensing networks typically consist of expensive information‐sensing devices, the cost and maintenance of which limit their large‐scale, ubiquitous deployment, thus narrowing their functional measurement range. Herein, an innovative, low‐cost, sound‐driven triboelectric nanogenerator (SDTENG)‐based self‐powered sensor is proposed, from which the SDTENG is primarily comprised of fluorinated ethylene propylene membranes, conductive fabrics, acrylic shells, and Kapton spacers. The SDTENG‐based sensor has been integrated with a deep learning technique in the present study to construct an intelligent sound monitoring and identification system, which is capable of recognizing a suite of common road and traffic sounds with high classification accuracies of 99% in most cases. The novel SDTENG‐based self‐powered sensor combined with deep learning technique demonstrates a tremendous application potential in urban sound management, which will show the excellent application prospects in the field of ubiquitous sensor networks.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".