Mechanisms of shear strain accumulation in laboratory experiments on sands exhibiting cyclic mobility behavior
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The factors and mechanisms controlling the accumulation of shear strains of clean uniform sands exhibiting cyclic mobility behavior under level-ground conditions are examined. This phenomenon is investigated through a series of constant-volume cyclic direct simple shear (DSS) tests subjected to uniform and irregular loading conditions, and undrained cyclic element tests collected from the literature. Experimental data show that the rate of shear strain accumulation per loading cycle depends on the relative density, cyclic stress amplitude, and effective overburden stress. Mechanisms of shear strain accumulation are investigated by decoupling the shear strain developed in each loading cycle in two components: γ0, developed at near-zero effective stress, and γd, developed during dilation. Results show that γ0 mostly depends on the shear strain history, while γd depends on the cyclic stress amplitude and relative density. These dependencies of γd and γ0 are used to provide an explanation for the gradual decrease of the rate of shear strain accumulation that is observed while increasing the number of post-triggering loading cycles in tests performed on dense specimens.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".