Indépendance institutionnelle, concentration des pouvoirs et changements administratifs à la Banque centrale européenne
Bibliographic record
Abstract
La BCE jouit d’une indépendance très forte et simultanément de pouvoirs importants. Si ces pouvoirs ont surtout été étudiés du point de vue de ses compétences, de son processus de décision politique et de ses organes centraux (président/e, directoire, Conseil des gouverneurs, etc.), cet article pointe une dynamique proprement administrative qui a contribué au renforcement de la BCE. Face à la concentration du pouvoir qui a résulté non seulement du statut mais aussi d’une interprétation extensive que l’institution a faite de son indépendance, des contre-pouvoirs internes ont émergé. Par une forme de « ruse de la raison publique », ces derniers ont contribué aux changements de l’administration de la banque dans un processus continu jusqu’à la période récente. L’article détaille certaines des transformations administratives qui en ont résulté.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.009 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.006 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.008 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".