Lack of response to pond desiccation by eggs and tadpoles of the Yungas Red-belly Toad (<i>Melanophryniscus rubriventris</i>) in an unpredictable environment
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Anuran amphibians that breed in ephemeral ponds of unpredictable environments have mechanisms to tolerate or to avoid associated risks of egg and tadpole mortality, such as selection of oviposition sites, plasticity in larval development, and resistance of eggs to desiccation. The Yungas Red-belly Toad (Melanophryniscus rubriventris (Vellard, 1947)) breeds in temporary ponds in the Andean Yungas under unpredictable events of flooding and droughts of reproductive sites. To determine whether this species possesses any developmental mechanisms to deal with the environmental conditions, we experimentally evaluated the resistance of eggs subjected to different times of exposure to air and the tadpoles to different levels of pond desiccation. The species has not developed mechanisms of resistance of its eggs or phenotypic plasticity to the recurrent risks of pond desiccation, and mass mortality is a common event. In such a context, explosive breeding highly synchronized with rainfall, together with fast larval development, seems to be vitally important at these places where the duration of ponds is short and unpredictable.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".