Numerical investigation of the relationship between the inflow rate to the tunnel, block volume and block surface area
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The relevancy of the flow rate into the tunnel to the block volume and block surface area has been investigated. A set of numerical simulations with Itasca 3DEC version 7.0 is performed in order to define each parameter’s impact on the inflow rate to the tunnel. The numerical model consists of a fractured rock mass that includes three joint sets with a fixed value of the hydraulic aperture and level of water table. The tunnel has a circular cross-section and the fluid flows only through the area between the fracture planes. Different values of the block volume and block surface are achieved by variation of the orientation and spacing of the joint sets. The block volume and surface are calculated both by analytical and numerical methods. For this, a new analytical model is developed for calculation of the block surface area. Based on the results of the numerical simulations of the inflow rate, it is deduced that the inflow rate increases by decrease of the block volume and block surface. Among them, the relationship between the inflow rate and block volume is more relevant than block surface area. In addition, it is proved that the common analytical method for calculation of the block volume needs to be revised for obtaining more reliable results.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".