Study Mullins effect of polyurethane reinforcement with halloysite nanotube by molecular dynamics simulation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Molecular dynamics simulation was applied to study the irreversible strain through loading and unloading cyclic tests of polyurethane (PU) reinforced with halloysite nanotube (HNT). The influences of the stretching cycle rate, different temperatures, the volume of halloysite nanotube and the density rate of the hard and soft domain of PU were studied on the permanent set. The results illustrate that the residual strain was increasing when the stretching loading is increasing, for example, with increasing strain load to 250% the residual strain increased to 55%. In contrast, the increasing volume fraction of HNT and hard part content of PU lead to lower residual strain. The recovery of the permanent set is achievable by increasing temperature from 1 K to 200 K residual strain is decreased to 52%. An Ogden constitutive and the theory of pseudo-elasticity were adopted to simulate this composite in the ABAQUS software. This model has proposed a reasonable prediction of plastic deformation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".