Social Protection and Cash Transfers in Mozambique: Between international consensus and local agency1
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract This article examines the rise of cash transfer programs and their embrace, since the 1990s, as a central element in global public policy on economic and social development and poverty reduction. Focusing on the example of Mozambique, an early adopter of such programs, it analyses the relationship between international organizations, development aid agencies, national government and local agents in the field, in the design and delivery of social protection policy. While external actors have been important in shaping Mozambican public policy, this study reveals the relevant role played by the country’s domestic actors in agenda-setting, conception and implementation of a cash transfer program as early as 1990, and its evolution over the subsequent three decades. In this interplay between international and local levels of decision- and policy-making, the article looks into the barriers to the program’s reach, pace and limited impact.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it