Geriatric nephrology
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The discipline of geriatric nephrology includes normal renal ageing changes, their clinical consequences, and renal diseases that occur in the older adult population as a result of these changes. The mesangium increases to nearly 12% by age 70, and microangiographic examination shows the obliteration particularly of the juxtamedullary nephrons, which is followed by the formation of a direct channel between afferent and efferent arterioles. Primary glomerulonephritis was the most frequent biopsy-proven renal disease in this population, even more frequent than primary glomerulonephritis in younger adults. Prearterioles show subendothelial deposition of hyaline and collagen fibres that produce intimal thickening. Chronic kidney disease is a syndrome characterised by progressive and generally irreversible deterioration of renal function due to the reduction of the nephron mass. The success of transplantation in geriatric end-stage renal disease patients requires improved patient selection, the use of new immunosuppressive drugs, and lower doses of corticosteroids.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.083 | 0.035 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".