Biden Administration Pushes for Multilateral Cooperation and Domestic Action to Combat Climate Change
Bibliographic record
Abstract
On August 9, 2021, the UN Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) released a report scientifically establishing that "[c]limate change is already affecting every inhabited region across the globe with human influence contributing to many observed changes in weather and climate extremes." 1 The Biden administration has emphasized that climate change threatens U.S. national security interests, and it worked to ramp up global ambition for governments' commitments at the twenty-sixth Conference of the Parties (COP26) to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change in Glasgow in November.2 COP26 prompted the announcement of a number of climate-related pledges and declarations, including the U.S.-and EU-led Global Methane Pledge, and it culminated in the Glasgow Climate Pact.The conference's success in limiting global warming will depend on global leaders' willingness to follow through on the commitments they made.The Biden administration has announced administrative regulations aimed at decreasing U.S. emissions of methane and hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) and has requested that the Senate advise and consent to ratification of the Kigali Amendment to the 1987 Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer.The administration is also awaiting congressional passage of significant funding for Biden's climate agenda, while moving ahead with executive actions focused on sustainability.At COP21 in 2015, states concluded the Paris Agreement and committed to limit global warming "to well below 2 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels" while "pursuing efforts to limit the temperature increase to 1.5 degrees Celsius." 3 As the world heads toward surpassing the 1.5 degrees Celsius goal in the coming decade, 4 some global leaders, including the Biden administration, have renewed calls for increased ambition in combatting the climate crisis.Upon taking office, President Biden quickly rejoined the Paris Agreement, reversing the Trump administration's 2020 withdrawal, and appointed John Kerry as the cabinet-level special presidential envoy for climate.5 The Biden administration has framed the climate crisis as a national security and foreign policy risk.6 The Office of the Director of National Intelligence's first-ever National Intelligence Estimate on Climate Change determined that: 1 INTERGOVT'L PANEL ON CLIMATE CHANGE (IPCC), CLIMATE CHANGE 2021: THE PHYSICAL SCIENCE BASIS 10 (2021), at https:/
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.014 | 0.018 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.011 | 0.003 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.015 | 0.006 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.010 |
| Research integrity | 0.017 | 0.013 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.032 | 0.008 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".