IEEE Power Engineering Society 2008 General Meeting Control Center Issues NERC Reliability Standards Development
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The North American Electric Reliability Corporation (NERC) is a nonprofit corporation formed for the purpose of becoming the North American electric reliability organization (ERO). NERC's predecessor organization, the North American Electric Reliability Council, was formed in 1968 as a result of the Northeast blackout in 1965 to promote the reliability of the bulk power systems of North America. Since its formation in 1968, NERC has been committed to ensuring the reliability of the North American bulk power system. To achieve that, NERC develops and enforces reliability standards; assesses North American bulk power system adequacy annually; audits owners, operators, and users for preparedness; and educates trains, and certifies industry personnel. NERC is a self-regulatory organization, subject to oversight by the United States (U.S.) Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) and governmental authorities in Canada. This paper discusses the NERC control center issues and the development of reliability standards for power systems.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.006 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.005 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.005 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.072 | 0.034 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".