FAR-INFRARED AND MICROWAVE SPECTROSCOPY OF HCOOCH<sub>3</sub> II.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The known interstellar molecule, methyl formate (HCOOCH$_3$) has been studied by microwave spectroscopy since 1959 \\footnote{R. F. Curl, \\textit{J. Chem. Phys.} \\underline{\\textbf{30}}, 1529 (1959).}. The laboratory spectra of methyl formate exhibit many unassigned transitions that are \n due to rotational transitions in the low-lying vibrational excited states. The first torsional excited state was reported in 2003 $\\footnote{H. Odashima, K. Ogata, K. Takagi, \\& S. Tsunekawa, \\textit{Molecules} \\underline{\\textbf{8}}, 139 (2003).}$, and up to the second torsional excited state was identified in laboratory and in space. \n$\\footnote{S. Takano, Y. Sakai, S. Kakimoto, M. Sasaki, \\& K. Kobayashi, \\textit{Publ. Astron. Soc. Jpn.} \\underline{\\textbf{64}}, 89 (2012).}$\n$\\footnote{K. Kobayashi, K. Takamura, Y. Sakai, S. Tsunekawa, H. Odashima, \\& N. Ohashi, \\textit{Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser.} \\underline{\\textbf{205}}, 9 (2013) and references therein.}$ \n \nOur laboratory microwave spectra include a series of unknown $K_a$=0,1 transitions. Based on relative intensities, we estimate that these transitions arise from an excited state about 300 cm$^{-1}$ above the ground state. To facilitate identification, we have taken spectra of methyl formate in the 260-370 cm$^{-1}$ range at Far-Infrared Beamline of the Canadian Light Source synchrotron. The resolution was instrument-limited to 0.00096 cm$^{-1}$. The spectra were very dense, and included the overlapping $\\nu_{12}$ (C-O-C deformation) and $\\nu_{17}$ (C-O torsion) modes. Conventional assignment proved very difficult, so we calculated a-type $K_a$ =0, and 1 rotation-vibration spectra based on the unknown and ground-state microwave data, and gave them arbitrary origins near 300 cm$^{-1}$. By correlating them with the far-infrared spectrum, we were able to determine that the new series correspond to $\\nu_{12}$ near 312 cm$^{-1}$.$\\footnote{K. Kobayashi, Y. Sakai, M. Fujitake, D. W. Tokaryk, B. E. Billinghurst \\& N. Ohashi, \\textit{Can. J. Phys.} \\underline{\\textbf{98}}, 551 (2020).}$ We will report on our assignment technique and results, as well as any further developments we have made in extending the assignments of both the microwave and far-infrared spectra.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".