EFFECTIVENESS OF CONTINUOUS VERSUS PULSED SHORT-WAVE DIATHERMY IN THE MANAGEMENT OF KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS: A PILOT STUDY
Bibliographic record
Abstract
EFFECTIVENESS OF CONTINUOUS VERSUS PULSED SHORT-WAVE DIATHERMY IN THE MANAGEMENT OF KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS: A PILOT STUDYSelin Ozen1, Ekin Bau015fak Doganci1, Ayla Ozyuvali1, Alper Doganci1, Ayu015fe Peyman Yalcin11Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine - Ankara, TurkeyIntroduction: Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is one of the most common forms of arthritis in the Western world, with a prevalence of 10 to 15% in adults over 60 years of age.KOA results in chronic joint pain, muscle weakness and loss of function. Short-wave diathermy (SWD) is one of the oldest forms of electrotherapeutic modalities used to treat symptoms of KOA and features in most medical guidelines. SWD treatment in KOA appears to be effectiveindecreasing pain and increasing muscle. However, there is no consensus on outcomes with continuous versus pulsed SWD. Purpose: To compare the effects of continuous versus pulsed SWD on pain, function and activity in women with KOA. Method: 27 female patients between the ages of 50-65 with a diagnosis of KOA were randomised into two groups. Group 1 was treated with continuous SWD and group 2 with pulsed SWD. Sessions lasted 15 minutes, 5 days per week for a total of 3 weeks. Patients were assessed before, after and at one month post therapy. Outcome measures included visual analogue scale (VAS), Western Ontario and Mcmaster University Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) and a six minute walking test (6MWT). Results: Patients receiving pulsed SWD showed a significant reduction in VAS scores at the end of the treatment programme and one month post treatment when compared to scores prior to treatment p<0.05. Furthermore there was a significant increase in 6MWT values one month after treatment when compared to those before treatment in patients receiving pulsed SWD (p<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in WOMAC scores between the two groups.Conclusions: Treatment of KOA with pulsed SWD appears to be more effective at reducing pain and improving walking distance when compared to continuous SWD. More patients must be recruited to the study in order to consolidate these findings.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".