Endocrine Mucin-Producing Sweat Gland Carcinoma: Emerging Evidence of Multicentric Cutaneous Origin and Occasional Concurrence With Analogous Breast Tumors
Bibliographic record
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Endocrine mucin-producing sweat gland carcinoma (EMPSGC) is a low-grade carcinoma with predilection for the eyelid. It is analogous to solid papillary carcinoma of the breast with both expressing neuroendocrine markers and the potential to progress to invasive mucinous carcinoma (IMC). Although over 80 cases of EMPSGC have been reported, few multicentric cases have been described in the literature. In this article, we report 9 cases of EMPSGC including 3 with multicentric disease. METHODS: A computerized search was performed for EMPSGC and IMC of the eyelid from January 2000 to February 2021. Records were reviewed for age, sex, tumor location, and clinical impression. RESULTS: Eight EMPSGC (7 associated with IMC) and 1 IMC of the eyelid were identified. Lesions were slightly more common in men (55%) than women. The mean age of presentation was 76 years (range, 59-98 years). Lesions ranged from 2.5 to 12 mm. Three cases had multicentric synchronous lesions on the skin. Histologically, these were well-circumscribed dermal tumors with solid or partially cystic nodules. Tested tumors expressed at least 1 neuroendocrine marker and were positive for CK7, ER/PR, 1 or more of GCDFP-15, mammaglobin, and GATA-3. One case had an associated IMC of the breast, and another case was associated with an intraductal papilloma of the breast in a man. There was no evidence of metastasis. CONCLUSION: EMPSGC is a low-grade adnexal neoplasm, commonly affecting the eyelid of the elderly. Lesions often progress to IMC, metastases being exceptionally rare. EMPSGC can be bilateral and multicentric. Concurrence with breast neoplasms has been observed and deserves investigation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".