Antibody responses to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus, influenza A virus, and Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae from weaning to the end of the finisher stage in fourteen groups of pigs in Ontario
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Background Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome, swine influenza, and mycoplasmal pneumonia are some of the most prevalent respiratory diseases affecting swine farm productivity in Canada. Monitoring for the prevalence of the infectious agents associated with these diseases on farm may help to improve herd-specific control strategies and to minimize the impact of disease on commercial swine farms. The objectives of this study were to investigate antibody responses to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), influenza A virus (IAV), and Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae ( M. hyopneumoniae ) from weaning to the end of the finisher stage on a subset of commercial swine farms in Ontario and to examine the effects of nursery diet on antibody responses. Results Serology found 8, 61, and 31% of pigs at weaning, 1, 31, and 22% at the end of nursery, 8, 38, and 18% at the end of grower, and 11, 48, and 25% at the end of the finisher stage tested seropositive for PRRSV, IAV, and M. hyopneumoniae, respectively. Of the groups tested for PRRSV, IAV, and M. hyopneumoniae, 3, 14, and 5 groups had > 20% of pigs that tested seropositive at least once over the course of production (“high seropositivity”). In general, seropositivity was more likely to be lower at the end of nursery compared to the other production stages for all three pathogens, and more likely to be higher for PRRSV and IAV at weaning, end of grower, and end of finisher. Pigs that were seropositive for PRRSV were more likely to be seropositive forM. hyopneumoniae (p < 0.001). Overall, pigs fed a low complexity diet during nursery were more likely to be seropositive for PRRSV (p < 0.001) and IAV (p = 0.04). Conclusions This study provides information regarding changes in serum antibody in pigs across different stages of production and highlights periods of vulnerability. Additionally, these findings may encourage further research into the effects of nursery diet complexity on disease susceptibility and immune response.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".