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Record W4213216282 · doi:10.22373/petita.v6i2.118

UNDRIP AND HISTORIC TREATIES

2021· article· en· W4213216282 on OpenAlexaboutno aff
EMMANUEL C. OBIKWU

Bibliographic record

VenuePetita Jurnal Kajian Ilmu Hukum dan Syariah · 2021
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldSocial Sciences
TopicHuman Rights and Development
Canadian institutionsnot available
Fundersnot available
KeywordsIndigenousColonialismLawPolitical scienceTreatyJurisprudenceState (computer science)Human rightsIndigenous rightsInternational lawEconomic JusticeSovereigntyPolitics

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

The United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples provides a reasonable template for remedying the perceived injustices indigenous groups assert that they face in post-colonial states. In certain cases, indigenous peoples have claimed that they entered into 'treaty relations' with European colonizing powers like the United Kingdom. Those 'treaties' or agreements gave them specific rights as a condition for the surrender of indigenous sovereignties to imperialists. The further argument is that the post-colonial state ought to recognize and preserve the rights encapsulated in those treaties. This article highlights some of these rights as enunciated by UNDRIP, especially the right of internal self-determination. It looks at the significance of 'historic treaties' especially highlighted in the case of Cameroon v Nigeria etc., a dispute decided by the International Court of Justice at The Hague. It looks at treaties made by traditional authorities in Southern Nigeria and cross-references those made by Native Americans of Canada. The British imperial Crown was at the centre of the jurisprudence of these historical treaties. The implication of those indigenous treaties and their current significance. It contends that the concept of indigenousness has been determined by European colonialism. The concept does not easily fit in with the African continent, especially south of the Sahara, where Africans see themselves as indigenous. To be Indigenous in the end will depend on degrees of indigeneity, identity, self-identification, and other factors. The indigenous rights people have received through UNDRIP presents a substantive case for their legitimation in the post-colonial state. To give effect to the right of internal self-determination of indigenous peoples, the Belgian Thesis and the repatriation proffered the measure of sovereign powers back to indigenous peoples and their traditional authorities – The Kings, Chiefs, and Elders that initially surrendered their sovereignties to the British imperial Crown. This is suggested as a way forward in such countries as Nigeria, where there are ongoing clamours for the constitutional restructuring of the country by non–state actors.
 Abstrak: Deklarasi PBB tentang Hak-Hak Masyarakat Adat (The United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples-UNDRIP) menyediakan kerangka yang masuk akal untuk memperbaiki ketidakadilan yang dirasakan oleh kelompok-kelompok adat di negara-negara pasca-kolonial. Dalam kasus tertentu, masyarakat adat mengklaim bahwa mereka melakukan 'perjanjian hubungan' dengan penjajah Eropa seperti Inggris. 'Perjanjian-perjanjian' atau kesepakatan-kesepakatan tersebut memberikan hak-hak khusus kepada masyarakat adat sebagai syarat penyerahan kedaulatan pribumi kepada kaum imperialis. Argumen lainnya adalah bahwa negara pasca-kolonial harus mengakui dan melestarikan hak-hak yang dirangkum dalam perjanjian-perjanjian tersebut. Artikel ini membahas beberapa hak-hak ini sebagaimana dinyatakan oleh UNDRIP, terutama hak penentuan nasib sendiri secara internal. Artikel ini melihat pentingnya 'perjanjian bersejarah' yang secara khusus dikaji dalam kasus Kamerun v Nigeria dll., perselisihan yang diputuskan oleh Mahkamah Internasional di Den Haag. Kasus ini terlihat pada perjanjian yang dibuat oleh otoritas tradisional di Nigeria Selatan dan referensi silang yang dibuat oleh penduduk asli Amerika di Kanada. Kekaisaran Inggris berada di pusat yurisprudensi dari perjanjian-perjanjian bersejarah ini. Implikasi dari perjanjian-perjanjian adat tersebut dan signifikansinya saat ini menyatakan bahwa konsep pribumi telah ditentukan oleh kolonialisme Eropa. Sulit untuk konsep tersebut cocok dengan benua Afrika, terutama Sahara Selatan, di mana orang Afrika melihat diri mereka sebagai pribumi. Menjadi Pribumi, pada akhirnya, akan tergantung pada derajat kepribumian, identitas, identifikasi diri, dan faktor-faktor lainnya. Hak-hak masyarakat adat yang diterima melalui UNDRIP menyajikan kasus substantif untuk legitimasi mereka di negara pasca-kolonial. Untuk melaksanakan hak penentuan nasib sendiri internal masyarakat adat, Tesis Belgia dan repatriasi mengajukan kekuasaan berdaulat kembali ke masyarakat adat dan otoritas tradisional mereka, para raja, kepala, dan sesepuh yang awalnya menyerahkan kedaulatan mereka kepada kekaisaran Inggris. Hal ini direkomendasikan sebagai solusi di negara-negara seperti Nigeria, dimana sedang berlangsung tuntutan untuk restrukturisasi konstitusional negara oleh aktor non-negara.
 Kata Kunci: UNRIP, Perjanjian Bersejarah, Melegitimasi Hak Asasi Manusia, Masyarakat Adat, Penentuan Nasib Sendiri

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Not applicable · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: none
Teacher disagreement score0.954
Threshold uncertainty score0.969

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0010.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0010.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.023
GPT teacher head0.271
Teacher spread0.248 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designNot applicable
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

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Citations0
Published2021
Admission routes1
Has abstractyes

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