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Record W4213293138 · doi:10.5539/ijel.v12n2p60

EFL Students’ Perceptions of Google Docs as an Interactive Tool for Learning Writing

2022· article· en· W4213293138 on OpenAlex
Khaled Aldossary

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

venuePublished in a venue whose home country is Canada.
no affNo Canadian affiliation: this work is invisible to an affiliation-only frame.
No Canadian affiliation. An affiliation-only frame, the usual design, would never have seen this work. It is one of the works that make the case for inverting the frame.

Bibliographic record

VenueInternational Journal of English Linguistics · 2022
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldSocial Sciences
TopicTechnology-Enhanced Education Studies
Canadian institutionsnot available
FundersKing Saud University
KeywordsPerceptionPsychologyEnglish as a foreign languageConstructiveCollaborative writingMathematics educationMedical educationComputer scienceMedicineProcess (computing)

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

The present study aimed to explore the perceptions of Saudi tertiary-level students toward using Google Docs as a learning tool in English as a foreign language (EFL) writing classes. Adopting a quantitative approach, 164 Saudi EFL students studying writing at three different academic levels completed a questionnaire about their perceptions of utilizing Google Docs as an alternative learning platform to learn writing and interact with teachers and peers. The findings showed that the participants perceived Google Docs useful and interesting. They also indicated that Google Docs could establish a collaborative learning environment. Their use enhanced student-teacher and student-student interactions, improved students’ overall writing skills, and encouraged constructive peer-to-peer discussions. The study suggests that Google Docs plays a significant role in promoting learners’ motivation and involvement in learning second language writing. It concludes with some limitations and provides recommendations for future research.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.001
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.094
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesMetaresearch
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Qualitative · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.624
Threshold uncertainty score0.913

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0010.094
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0010.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.023
GPT teacher head0.415
Teacher spread0.392 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it