Barley yield and malt characteristics as affected by nitrogen and final irrigation timing
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Idaho is a major malt barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.) producer in the United States. Production is concentrated in the semi‐arid Snake River Plain region of southern Idaho. Irrigation and fertilizer N applications are two of the most important managed factors. Research was conducted at the University of Idaho Kimberly Research & Extension Center near Kimberly, ID, to determine yield, grain quality, and malt characteristics as affected by N application rate (0, 56, 112, and 168 kg N ha −1 ) and final irrigation timing at Feekes 10.0 (boot; F10.0), Feekes 11.2 (soft dough; F11.2), and +7 d after Feekes 11.2 (+7F11.2). Irrigation termination at F10.0 resulted in decreased yields and unacceptable malt characteristics across N rates. Irrigation termination at F11.2 and +7F11.2 yielded 6,439 kg ha −1 at a fertilizer N application of 56 kg N ha −1 , similar to higher N applications. Greater predicted yields up to 6,886 kg ha −1 were calculated by regression analysis with applications up to 147 kg N ha −1 . Grain yield, protein, plumps, and test weights did not differ at any N rate for F11.2 or +7F11.2. Malt extract, free amino N, and diastatic power were similar for the F11.2 and +7F11.2 irrigations. Malt β‐glucan content did not differ up to 56 kg N ha −1 for any treatment, but reductions of up to 30 mg kg −1 were measured at higher N rates for the +7F11.2 irrigation. Results warrant further investigations into increased N applications and provide evidence of the effects of irrigation cutoff timing and N for malt barley.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it