Bibliographic record
Abstract
A.1 IntroductionExcessive flow-induced vibration causing failures by fatigue or fretting wear must be avoided in process and nuclear components.As stated in the preface, that is the purpose of this handbook.Herein, the term "process components" is used generally to describe all shell-and-tube heat exchangers, including nuclear steam generators; power plant condensers, boilers and coolers; nuclear fuels and reactor internals; and piping systems.The emphasis in this handbook is on two-phase flow-induced vibration in cross flow.Although half of all heat exchanger equipment operates in two-phase flow, existing flow-induced vibration texts have provided limited guidance regarding vibration induced by two-phase flow, and in estimating fretting-wear damage caused by random turbulence excitation.Design guidelines for flow-induced vibration analysis are presented in this handbook.These guidelines are based on extensive analysis of the literature and, in particular, on experimental and field data obtained during 40 years of research and development at Canadian Nuclear Laboratories in Chalk River (formerly, Atomic Energy of Canada Ltd., Chalk River Laboratories).This handbook is for the practicing engineer who is designing or troubleshooting nuclear and process system components.As such, use of the design guidelines is illustrated within each chapter by example calculations, as listed below: Chapter 3 -Calculation of Flow Velocities Example 3-1: Flow in a Process Heat Exchanger Example 3-2: Flow in a Nuclear Steam Generator (SG) Chapter 4 -Calculation of Total Tube Mass and Natural Frequency of Vibration Example 4-1: Single-Phase Total Tube Mass in a Process Heat Exchanger Example 4-2: Two-Phase Total Tube Mass in a Nuclear Steam Generator Example 4-3: Calculation of Frequency in a Process Heat Exchanger Example 4-4: Calculation of Frequency in a Nuclear Steam Generator U-Bend Chapter 5 -Calculation of Damping in Single-Phase Flow Example 5-1: Calculation of Damping in a Gas Heat Exchanger Example 5-2: Calculation of Damping in a Process Heat Exchanger Chapter 6 -Calculation of Damping in Two-Phase Flow Example 6-1: Calculation of Damping in a Nuclear Steam Generator U-Bend 433 Flow-Induced Vibration Handbook for Nuclear and Process Equipment, First Edition.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.006 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.004 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.632 | 0.272 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; the direct Gemma label and the distilled Codex classifier agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".