Direct identification of fungi associated with indoor and outdoor ornamental plants by utilizing PCR assay
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Infection by phytopathogenic fungal species can result in significant losses in ornamental plants. For accurate diagnosis of plant diseases, DNA-based techniques have become dependent method. This study aimed to elaborate Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for rapid detection of fungal pathogens causing diseases on ornamental plants. In this study, specific primers were used to screen suspected plant diseases. The results revealed that Alternaria, Cylindrocladium, Myrothecium, Sclerotium, Cercospora, and Bipolaris, were the most abundant fungi that infect indoor or outdoor ornamental plants. From which, Alternaria alternata, Cylindrocladium sp., and Myrothecium sp. were found to be the most frequent fungi on foliage of these plants. REFERENCES ABBAS, M. F., RAFIQ, M., AL-SADI, A. M., ALFARRAJ, S., ALHARBI, S. A., ARIF, M. & ANSARI, M. J. 2021. 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Plant disease diagnosis. The Plant Health Instructor, 10. SAVÉ, R. What is stress and how to deal with it in ornamental plants? VI International Symposium on New Floricultural Crops 813, 2007. 241-254. SCHIPPERS, B. & GAMS, W. 1979. Soil-borne plant pathogens, Academic Press. SHI, A., MMBAGA, M. T., MREMA, F. & NNODU, E. 2005. Molecular Analysis of Alternaria alternata in Lilac. SHUPING, D. T. T. & ELOFF, J. T. 2017. The use of plants to protect plants and food against fungal pathogens: A review. African Journal of Traditional, Complementary and Alternative Medicines, 14, 120-127. SKOLIK, P. 2020. Sensor based pre-symptomatic detection of pests and pathogens for precision scheduling of crop protection products. Lancaster University. STUTZ, M. C., CARRER FILHO, R., ROCHA, G. A., DE CAMPOS DIANESE, É. & DA CUNHA, M. G. 2019. Soft rot on the stems of Zamioculcas zamiifolia caused by Sclerotium rolfsii. Ornamental Horticulture, 25, 402-406. TRKULJA, N., MILOSAVLJEVIĆ, A., ŽIVKOVIĆ, S., POPOVIĆ, T., MITROVIĆ, M., JOVIĆ, J. & TOŠEVSKI, I. 2015. First report of Cercospora violae infecting the garden violet Viola odorata in Serbia. Plant Disease, 99, 1035. VAN DEN BOSCH, F., AKUDIBILAH, G., SEAL, S. & JEGER, M. 2006. Host resistance and the evolutionary response of plant viruses. Journal of Applied Ecology, 43, 506-516.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".