Waging Protracted Naval War: The Strategic Leadership of Secretary of the U.S. Navy William Jones in the War of 1812
Bibliographic record
Abstract
William Jones a servi de secrétaire de la marine des États-Unis à partir de janvier 1813 jusqu'en décembre 1814.Bien qu'il n'ait pas été secrétaire pendant les premiers mois déterminants de la guerre de 1812, quand des frégates américaines ont à trois reprises défait leurs contreparties britanniques, Jones a employé une politique basée sur ces victoires américaines comme fondement pour développer une nouvelle stratégie soulignant prolongement et rupture à la place d'engagement avec l'objet de soumettre à la Grande-Bretagne des frais élevés.La conception, l'exécution, et les effets de cette stratégie de Jones aussi bien que ses résultats à long terme donnent une vue sur les difficultés et les opportunités que la marine des États-Unis a rencontrées pendant la guerre de 1812.During the first six months of the War of 1812, the 38-gun British frigates Guerriere, Macedonian, and Java struck their colors to frigates of the United States Navy.For the remainder of the war, the Americans failed to duplicate such results.1 A partial explanation stems from the Royal Navy's ability to adapt.As the world's largest navy the British service had significant flexibility that allowed the Admiralty to dispatch reinforcements to the North American station.The one ship of the line and five frigates present in June 1812 became, by the middle of the next year, ten ships of the line and sixteen frigates as well as one modified ship of the line known as a razee.By late 1814, the strength on the station had increased to twelve ships of the line, two razees, and 1 The largest ship captured by the Americans after 1 January 1813 was the Cyane, rated for 22 guns but mounting 32.It was normal for warships of the period to mount more guns than their rate would indicate and was also true with the 38-gun frigates captured during the war's first six months.Carrying more guns resulted from the evolution of ship armaments encompassing such disparate trends as mounting guns on previously unarmed areas of warships to the proliferation of the lighter-weight carronades.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.027 | 0.010 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.011 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.007 |
| Research integrity | 0.006 | 0.010 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".