The Origin and Development of Pongee in Shandong in Modern China
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Pongee, also known as Shantung, originated and developed in Shandong, China is already a consensus in the academic community; China's modern era (late 19th century to the 1940s) is the golden period of pongee development, the influence of this period shantung all over the world. However, the origin and development of pongee in Shandong Province, the reasons for the current very few scholars to study. The article from the natural, historical, political, economic, and cultural perspectives explore the reasons for its origin in Shandong, summarizing the suitable geography, climate, reeling silk weaving a long history, the Qing Dynasty government and Shandong officials actively promote sericulture and pongee weaving technology; Shandong intellectuals compiled sericulture books, as well as manual silk weaving to supplement the small farmer economy, the opening of international trade along the coast of Shandong and other reasons. These factors are indispensable and interact, ultimately leading to the emergence and development of pongee in Shandong.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".