Effects of Operating Conditions on Evaporation Rate and Wall Shear Stress Development in a Micro-gap Heat Sink with Internal Micro-Fins
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Evaporation in the micro-gap heat sink has a very high heat transfer coefficient. As a result, it is significant for high heat flux management. Heat transfer rate can be enhanced further by including internal micro-fins. However, the pressure drop penalty due to the small gap height and fin surfaces is a major concern. Wall shear stress development is responsible for pressure drop. This paper investigates the effects of operating conditions, e.g., wall heat flux, pumping power, and inlet void fraction, on evaporation rate and wall shear stress development in a micro-gap heat sink with internal micro-fins of rectangular and triangular profiles, while the cross-sectional area (21.8 mm2) is kept constant. R-134a is considered as coolant. Results show that the evaporation rate from per unit volume increases with the increment of wall heat flux and decreases with the enhancement of pumping power. However, after a threshold value of the pumping power (2×10-4 W), the decrement rate falls. Again, the wall shear stress rises with the increasing wall heat flux and pumping power while reduces for escalating inlet void fraction.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".