Covid-19 and its Correlation with Thromboembolic and Cardiovascular Events: a Systematic Review
Bibliographic record
Abstract
AbstractIdentified in China in December 2019 as a new class of viral pneumonia of unknown origin, the new Coronavirus has already passed the milestone of 100 million people infected worldwide. The clinical course of this infection is characterized by fever, cough, upper airway congestion and complications related to Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. In addition, the virus can have repercussions that go beyond the impairment of the respiratory system, affecting other systems. Therefore, the aim of this study is to describe the correlation between Covid-19 and thromboembolic and cardiovascular events. It is a Systematic Review that was submitted to searches in the PubMed, SciELO, Lilacs and Bireme databases. Six observational studies comprising 1539 patients were included in this review. The quality of the articles was evaluated according to the New Castle-Ottawa scale. After extracting data from the studies, it was observed that hospitalized patients diagnosed with Covid-19 infection are more likely to develop Venous Thromboembolism (VTE) and Pulmonary Embolism (PE), as well as cardiovascular events, although the latter are less frequent. These patients also have alterations in the pulmonary parenchyma, being proportional to the severity of the case, as well as the prevalence of d-dimer, the rate of thrombosis in the pulmonary artery, the need for intensive care and the mortality rate. Thus, the severe form of infection by Covid-19 manifests consequences that do not only involve the respiratory system, compromising the blood clotting of affected patients, leading to a higher incidence of thromboembolic and cardiovascular events. Keywords: Cardiovascular Diseases. Thrombosis. Coronavirus Infections. ResumoIdentificado na China em dezembro de 2019 como uma nova classe de pneumonia viral, de origem desconhecida, o novo Coronavírus já ultrapassou o marco de 100 milhões de pessoas infectadas em todo o mundo. A evolução clínica desta infecção é caracterizada por febre, tosse, congestão das vias aéreas superiores e complicações relacionadas a um quadro de Síndrome do Desconforto Respiratório Agudo. Além disso, o vírus pode apresentar repercussões que vão além do comprometimento do sistema respiratório, afetando outros sistemas. Portanto, o objetivo deste estudo é descrever a correlação entre a Covid-19 e os eventos tromboembólicos e cardiovasculares. Trata-se de uma Revisão Sistemática que foi submetida a pesquisas nos bancos de dados PubMed, SciELO, Lilacs e Bireme. Foram incluídos 6 estudos observacionais envolvendo 1539 pacientes nesta revisão. A qualidade dos artigos foi avaliada de acordo com a escala New Castle-Ottawa. Após a extração de dados dos estudos, observou-se que pacientes hospitalizados e diagnosticados com infecção por Covid-19 apresentam maior predisposição a desenvolver Tromboembolismo Venoso (TEV) e Embolia Pulmonar (EP), bem como eventos cardiovasculares, apesar destes últimos serem menos frequentes. Estes pacientes também cursam com alterações do parênquima pulmonar sendo proporcionais a gravidade do caso, assim como a prevalência de d-dímero, a taxa de trombose na artéria pulmonar, a necessidade de cuidados intensivos e a taxa de mortalidade. Assim, a forma grave da infecção por Covid-19 manifesta consequências que não envolvem apenas o sistema respiratório, comprometendo a coagulação sanguínea dos pacientes acometidos levando a maior incidência de eventos tromboembólicos e cardiovasculares. Palavras-chave: Doenças Cardiovasculares. Trombose. Infecções por Coronavírus.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.024 | 0.055 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.006 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".