Bare singulars and relative measures in Brazilian Portuguese
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Brazilian Portuguese has received much attention in the typology of noun phrases for being a language with a fully-fledged determiner system that also allows generalized bare singular nominals. This paper investigates the use of bare singulars in relative measure constructions, such as um terço de mulher (literally, ‘one third of woman’). We show that Ahn & Sauerland’s (2015, 2017) and Pasternak & Sauerland’s (2020) analysis of relative measure constructions, combined with existing theories of bare singulars, predicts that bare singulars should be attested in relative measure constructions and derives their range of attested interpretations in these constructions. At the same time, we argue that these combined analyses predict that bare singulars should be attested in relative measure constructions in other Romance languages. This prediction is problematic and highlights the need for further research on the interaction of bare singulars and relative measures.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".