Bibliographic record
Abstract
<strong class="journal-contentHeaderColor">Abstract.</strong> To mitigate the rumen enteric methane (CH<span class="inline-formula"><sub>4</sub>)</span> produced by ruminant livestock, <i>Asparagopsis taxiformis</i> is proposed as an additive to ruminant feed. During the cultivation of <i>Asparagopsis taxiformis</i> in the sea or in terrestrially based systems, this macroalgae, like most seaweeds and phytoplankton, produces a large amount of bromoform (CHBr<span class="inline-formula"><sub>3</sub>)</span>, which contributes to ozone depletion once released into the atmosphere. In this study, we focus on the impact of CHBr<span class="inline-formula"><sub>3</sub></span> on the stratospheric ozone layer resulting from potential emissions from proposed <i>Asparagopsis</i> cultivation in Australia. The impact is assessed by weighting the emissions of CHBr<span class="inline-formula"><sub>3</sub></span> with its ozone depletion potential (ODP), which is traditionally defined for long-lived halocarbons but has also been applied to very short-lived substances (VSLSs). An annual yield of <span class="inline-formula">â¼3.5</span>â<span class="inline-formula">Ã</span>â10<span class="inline-formula"><sup>4</sup></span>âMg dry weight is required to meet the needs of 50â% of the beef feedlot and dairy cattle in Australia. Our study shows that the intensity and impact of CHBr<span class="inline-formula"><sub>3</sub></span> emissions vary, depending on location and cultivation scenarios. Of the proposed locations, tropical farms near the Darwin region are associated with the largest CHBr<span class="inline-formula"><sub>3</sub></span> ODP values. However, farming of <i>Asparagopsis</i> using either ocean or terrestrial cultivation systems at any of the proposed locations does not have the potential to significantly impact the ozone layer. Even if all <i>Asparagopsis</i> farming were performed in Darwin, the CHBr<span class="inline-formula"><sub>3</sub></span> emitted into the atmosphere would amount to less than 0.02â% of the global ODP-weighted emissions. The impact of remaining farming scenarios is also relatively small even if the intended annual yield in Darwin is scaled by a factor of 30 to meet the global requirements, which will increase the global ODP-weighted emissions up to <span class="inline-formula">â¼0.5</span>â%.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.351 | 0.004 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; both teacher heads agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".