Time evolution of the magmatic intrusion below La Palma before eruption
Bibliographic record
Abstract
La Palma, Canary Islands, had volcanic unrest, which culminated in an eruption that started on 19 September 2021 and ended on 13 December 2021. We study the last years of this unrest using satellite radar interferometry (InSAR) and apply a novel inversion methodology to obtain information about magmatic plumbing system (MPS) configuration and its temporal evolution. The result provides the deformation sources as 3D cell aggregations for which the inversion adjustment process automatically assigns a source type (pressure change, strike-slip, dip-slip or tensile dislocation), magnitude values (MPa and cm respectively), position and orientation (angles of dislocation planes). We also update the model of the crustal structure using a novel approach. We describe the obtained results for the MPS, their relation with the crustal structure, novelties and limitations, as well as their implications at the local level, for the Canary Islands and other active areas.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".