Geosynthetic-reinforced embankment in cold regions: observations and numerical simulations
Bibliographic record
Abstract
An embankment underlain by permafrost foundation was reinforced with wicking woven geotextiles at its side slopes to reduce slope displacements when the fill material that was compacted at frozen condition thaws during subsequent spring and summer seasons following winter construction. The embankment fill and permafrost foundation were instrumented with thermistor strings to monitor soil temperatures as well as ShapeAccelArrays installed at the mid-slope of the embankment to measure displacements. A numerical model was developed in a commercially-available finite element software to simulate the thermal and mechanical behaviour of this embankment and further understand the benefit of using woven geotextiles in cold regions. A sequentially-coupled approach was used where temperature-dependent mechanical properties were invoked based on a heat transfer analysis. Four years of monitored results from the reinforced embankment were used to calibrate the numerical model. An adjacent section of the embankment without the geotextiles was also modelled and results show a significant reduction in slope displacements. The monitored performance and the model results presented will improve the design guidelines for embankments in cold regions using geotextiles.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.016 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".