Evidence for pre-Cenozoic extension in the eastern Main Ranges of the southern Canadian Rockies
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The eastern Main Ranges of the southern Canadian Rocky Mountain thrust-and-fold belt include a network of normal faults (the result of apparent extensional episodes) that occur within a contractional orogen. The origin, timing, and nature of these normal faults remain unresolved. A widely accepted explanation proposes that the normal faults developed as a consequence of postcontractional transtension that occurred west of the Rocky Mountain Trench during the Paleogene Period. Detailed field mapping of deformation in the vicinity of several normal faults has provided evidence that the normal fault surfaces and adjacent strata underwent deformation during a contractional episode after the normal faults had formed. Within the study area, located in the upper Kicking Horse region of Yoho National Park, British Columbia, Canada, and within the larger region of the Rocky Mountain belt, the network of normal faults is proposed to have developed as a consequence of rifting that separated pericratonic terranes from North America and produced the Slide Mountain Ocean during the Carboniferous and Permian Periods. Overprinting from more recent tectonic episodes has obscured most of these inferred extensional faults throughout the North American Cordillera. Within the study area, however, the Cretaceous to Paleogene contraction carried the normal faults to their present location over unattenuated continental crust, without significant overprinting. This preservation of the network of normal faults allows for investigation of the relationships among the fault surfaces and the strata adjacent to each fault.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".