A Spatially-resolved Large Cavity of the J0337 Protoplanetary Disk in Perseus
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract We present Keck/NIRC2 K p L p high-contrast imaging observations of a J0337 protoplanetary disk. The data discover the spatially-resolved large cavity, which is the second report among protoplanetary disks in the Perseus star-forming region after the LkHα 330 system. Our data and forward modeling using RADMC-3D suggests ∼80 au for the cavity radius. There is discrepancy between J0337's spectral energy distribution (SED) and the modeled SED at ∼10 μm and this suggests an unseen inner disk. We also searched for companions around J0337 but did not detect any companion candidates at separations between 0.″1 and 2.″5. The L p-band detection limit corresponds to ∼20M Jup at 60 au, ∼9–10M Jup at 90 au, and ∼3M Jup at >120 au. Compared with other young systems with large cavities such as PDS 70 and RX J1604, multiple Jovian planets, a single eccentric Jovian planet, or a massive brown dwarf at an inner separation could exist within the cavity.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".