The mechanism of destabilization between two stably stratified magmas: insights from analogue experiments and 3D simulations
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Fluid stratification is a common phenomena in magmatic systems. To address this, we conducted a series of analogue experiments and numerical simulations. We present three sets of experiments modelling the behavior of instability that develops between two stably stratified magmas and the degree of mixing that follows. The first set of analogue experiments examines the instability at the interface between two stably stratified fluids of similar composition with a low viscosity ratio wherein the upper fluid is less viscous than the lower fluid. The successive set experiments examine the interface instability between fluids of different compositions with high viscosity ratios wherein the upper fluid is initially more viscous and less dense than the lower fluid. The instability in all three experiments forms through the growth of a chaotic mixing region by the development of Rayleigh-Taylor instabilities through viscous fingering and buoyant ascent of plumes. The three experiments exhibit different degrees of mixing at significantly different timescales which are contingent upon the size of the mixing region relative to the bulk volume of the two fluids. Diffusive processes and small viscosity ratios enhance the growth of the mixing region in the first set of experiments. The growth timescale of the interface instability is characterized by a transient stage and a subsequent rapid stage. Our three-dimensional simulations, based upon the second and third sets of experiments, examine increased viscosity ratios to 3 orders of magnitude above those of our experiments. We discuss the implications for different configurations of stably stratified magma chambers.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".