Potential for Application of Lignin Based Micro/Nanostructures as aMicro/Nanocarrier in the Controlled Release Systems: A Review
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: A promising strategy is to apply biodegradable and biocompatibility lignin micro/nanoparticles (LMPs/LNPs) as carriers or coating materials for biological active agent delivery in agriculture medicine and pharmaceuticals. Controlled release systems (CRSs) based on LMPs/LNPs are suitable systems to target specific tissues, cells, or plant roots by taking advantage of the unique properties of LMPs/LNPs. Methods: This review discusses changes in the properties of LNPs caused by different parameters in the synthesis method, such as the type of biologically active agent, loading/release method, modification method, encapsulation efficiency, and release rate of the CRSs based on LMPs/LNPs. Results: Research shows that during the LMPs/LNPs synthesis, nanospheres with a porous surface, nanocapsules, or hollow nanospheres with excellent stability and chemical properties are produced, which causes high loading capacity and reduced release rates of active agents. Moreover, the advantages and technical challenges of lignin application as a micro/ nanocarrier were investigated. Conclusion: Finally, several suggestions for the future trend of research and development were recommended.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it