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Situational factors shape moral judgements in the trolley dilemma in Eastern, Southern and Western countries in a culturally diverse sample
Bence Bagó, Márton Kovács, John Protzko, Tamás Nagy, Zoltán Kekecs, Bence Pálfi, Matúš Adamkovič, Sylwia Adamus, Sumaya Albalooshi, Nihan Albayrak‐Aydemir, Ilham N. Alfian, Sinan Alper, Sara Álvarez Solas, Sara G. Alves, Santiago Amaya, Pia K. Andresen, Gulnaz Anjum, Daniel Ansari, Patrícia Arriaga, John Jamir Benzon R. Aruta, Alexiοs Arvanitis, Peter Babinčák, Krystian Barzykowski, Bana Bashour, Ernest Baskin, Luisa Batalha, Carlota Batres, Jozef Bavoľár, Fatih Bayrak, Benjamin Becker, Maja Becker, Anabel Belaus, Michał Białek, Ennio Bilancini, Daniel Boller, Leonardo Boncinelli, Jordane Boudesseul, Benjamin T. Brown, Erin Michelle Buchanan, Muhammad Mussaffa Butt, Dustin P. Calvillo, Nate C. Carnes, Jared Celniker, Christopher R. Chartier, William J. Chopik, Poom Chotikavan, Hu Chuan-Peng, Rockwell F. Clancy, Ogeday Çoker, Rita C. Correia, Vera Ćubela Adorić, Carmelo P. Cubillas, Stefan Czoschke, Yalda Daryani, Job de Grefte, Wieteke C. de Vries, Elif Gizem Demirag Burak, Carina Dias, Barnaby Dixson, Xinkai Du, Francesca Dumančić, Andrei Dumbravă, Natalia Bezerra Dutra, Janina Enachescu, Celia Esteban‐Serna, Luis Eudave, Thomas Rhys Evans, Gilad Feldman, Fatima M. Felisberti, Susann Fiedler, Andrej Findor, Alexandra Fleischmann, Francesco Foroni, Radka Francová, Darius‐Aurel Frank, Cynthia H.Y. Fu, Shan Gao, Omid Ghasemi, Ali-Reza Ghazi-Noori, Maliki E. Ghossainy, Isabella Giammusso, Tripat Gill, Biljana Gjoneska, Mario Gollwitzer, Aurélien Graton, Maurice Grinberg, Agata Groyecka-Bernard, Elizabeth A. Harris, Andree Hartanto, Widad A. N. M. Hassan, Javad Hatami, Katrina R. Heimark, Jasper Hidding, Evgeniya Hristova, Matej Hruška, Charlotte A. Hudson, Richard Huskey, Ayumi Ikeda, Yoel Inbar, Gordon Ingram, Ozan İşler, Chris Isloi, Aishwarya Iyer, Bastian Jaeger, Steve M. J. Janssen, William Jiménez‐Leal, Biljana Jokić, Pavol Kačmár, Veselina Kadreva, Gwenaël Kaminski, Farzan Karimi-Malekabadi, Arno Kasper, Keith M. Kendrick, Bradley Kennedy, Halil Emre Kocalar, Rabia I. Kodapanakkal, Marta Kowal, Elliott Kruse, Lenka Kučerová, Anton Kühberger, A Kuźmińska, Fanny Lalot, Claus Lamm, Joris Lammers, Elke B. Lange, Anthony Lantian, Ivy Yee‐Man Lau, Ljiljana B. Lazarević, Marijke C. Leliveld, Jennifer N. Lenz, Carmel Levitan, Savannah C Lewis, Manyu Li, Yansong Li, Haozheng Li, Tiago Jessé Souza de Lima, Samuel Lins, Marco Tullio Liuzza, Paula A. Lopes, Jackson G. Lu, Trent M. Lynds, Martin Máčel, Sean P. Mackinnon, Madhavilatha Maganti, Zoe Magraw‐Mickelson, Leon F. Magson, Harry Manley, Gabriela Mariana Marcu, Darja Masli Seršić, Celine-Justine Matibag, Alan D. A. Mattiassi, Mahdi Mazidi, Joseph P. McFall, Neil McLatchie, Michael C. Mensink, Lena Miketta, Taciano L. Milfont, Alberto Mirisola, Michał Misiak, Panagiotis Mitkidis, Mehrad Moeini‐Jazani, Arash Monajem, David Moreau, Erica D. Musser, Erita Narhetali, Danielle P. Ochoa, Jerome Olsen, Nicholas Owsley, Asil Ali Özdoğru, Miriam Panning, Μαριέττα Παπαδάτου-Παστού, Neha Parashar, Philip Pärnamets, Mariola Paruzel‐Czachura, Michał Parzuchowski, Julia V. Paterlini, Jeffrey M. Pavlacic, Mehmet Peker, Kim Peters, Liudmila Piatnitckaia, Isabel R. Pinto, Monica Renee Policarpio, Nada Pop‐Jordanova, Annas J. Pratama, Maximilian Primbs, Ekaterina Pronizius, Danka Purić, Elisa Puvia, Vahid Qamari, Kun Qian, Alain Quiamzade, Beáta Ráczová, Diego A. Reinero, Ulf‐Dietrich Reips, Cecilia Reyna, Kimberly Reynolds, Matheus Fernando Félix Ribeiro, Jan Philipp Röer, Robert M. Ross, Πέτρος Ρούσσος, Fernando Ruiz-Dodobara, Susana Ruiz Fernández, Bastiaan T. Rutjens, Katarzyna Rybus, Adil Samekin, Anabela Caetano Santos, Nicolas Say, Christoph Schild, Kathleen Schmidt, Karolina Aleksandra Ścigała, MohammadHasan Sharifian, Jiaxin Shi, Yaoxi Shi, Erin Sievers, Miroslav Sirota, Michael Slipenkyj, Çağlar Solak, Agnieszka Sorokowska, Piotr Sorokowski, Sinem Söylemez, Niklas K. Steffens, Ian D. Stephen, Anni Sternisko, Laura Stevens-Wilson, Suzanne Stewart, Stefan Stieger, Daniel Storage, Justine Strube, Kyle J. Susa, Raluca Diana Szekely‐Copîndean, Natalia M. Szostak, Bagus Takwin, Srinivasan Tatachari, Andrew G. Thomas, Kevin E. Tiede, Lucas E. Tiong, Mirjana Tonković, Bastien Trémolière, Lauren V. Tunstead, Belgüzar Nilay Türkan, Mathias Twardawski, Miguel A. Vadillo, Zahir Vally, Leigh Ann Vaughn, Bruno Verschuère, Denis Vlašiček, Martin Voracek, Marek Vranka, Shuzhen Wang, Skye-Loren West, Stephen Whyte, Leigh S. Wilton, Anna Włodarczyk, Xue Wu, Fei Xin, Su Yadanar, Hiroshi Yama, Yuki Yamada, Onurcan Yılmaz, Sangsuk Yoon, Danielle M. Young, Ilya Zakharov, Rizqy Amelia Zein, Ingo Zettler, Iris Žeželj, Don C. Zhang, Jin Zhang, Xiaoxiao Zheng, Rink Hoekstra, Balázs Aczél
Bibliographic record
VenueNature Human Behaviour · 2022
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldNeuroscience
TopicPsychology of Moral and Emotional Judgment
Canadian institutionsDalhousie UniversityLakehead UniversityUniversity of TorontoWilfrid Laurier UniversityWestern University
FundersAgencia Estatal de InvestigaciónComisión Nacional de Investigación Científica y TecnológicaJapan Society for the Promotion of ScienceSocial Sciences and Humanities Research Council of CanadaVlaamse regeringNarodowym Centrum NaukiVetenskapsrådetCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível SuperiorFonds Wetenschappelijk OnderzoekAgentúra na Podporu Výskumu a VývojaGovernment of Jiangsu ProvinceAarhus UniversitetFundacja na rzecz Nauki PolskiejNational Natural Science Foundation of ChinaDeutsche ForschungsgemeinschaftAarhus Universitets ForskningsfondComunidad de MadridAgence Nationale de la RechercheNational Science Foundation
KeywordsSituational ethicsDilemmaMoral dilemmaSample (material)PsychologySocial psychologyCultural diversityCriminologySociologyEpistemologyAnthropology
Abstract
No abstract in any covered source. Its absence is recorded, not treated as a negative.
No abstract. This is not a gap in this database; OpenAlex has none either. 23.3% of the frame is in this state, and the screen finds HALF as much metaresearch here, so the absence is a measured bias rather than a missing field.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
metaresearch head score (Codex)0.001
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.005
Version: metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061cValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Observational · Consensus signal: Observational
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.025
Threshold uncertainty score0.050
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
Opus teacher head0.100
GPT teacher head0.311
Teacher spread0.211 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation status
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designObservational
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".
Quick stats
Citations65
Published2022
Admission routes2
Has abstractno